Micron Document
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<title>Subphylum</title>
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<p>In <a href="Zoological_nomenclature" class="mw-redirect" title="Zoological nomenclature">zoological nomenclature</a>, a <b>subphylum</b> is a <a href="Taxonomic_rank" title="Taxonomic rank">taxonomic rank</a> below the rank of <a href="Phylum" title="Phylum">phylum</a>.
</p><p>The taxonomic rank of "<a href="Subdivision_(rank)" class="mw-redirect" title="Subdivision (rank)">subdivision</a>" in <a href="Fungi" class="mw-redirect" title="Fungi">fungi</a> and <a href="Plant_taxonomy" title="Plant taxonomy">plant taxonomy</a> is equivalent to "subphylum" in zoological taxonomy. Some plant taxonomists have also used the rank of subphylum, for instance <a href="Monocotyledons" class="mw-redirect" title="Monocotyledons">monocotyledons</a> as a subphylum of phylum <a href="Angiospermae" class="mw-redirect" title="Angiospermae">Angiospermae</a> and <a href="Vertebrates" class="mw-redirect" title="Vertebrates">vertebrates</a> as a subphylum of phylum <a href="Chordata" class="mw-redirect" title="Chordata">Chordata</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHutchinson1973_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHutchinson1973-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomic_rank">Taxonomic rank</h2></div>
<p>Subphylum is:
</p>
<ol><li>subordinate to the <a href="Phylum" title="Phylum">phylum</a></li>
<li>superordinate to the <b>infraphylum</b>, which is in turn superordinate to <b>parvphylum</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol>
<p>Where convenient, subphyla in turn can be divided into <b>infraphyla</b>; in turn such an <b>infraphylum</b> also would be superordinate to any classes or superclasses in the <a href="Hierarchy" title="Hierarchy">hierarchy</a>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2></div>
<p>Not all fauna phyla are divided into subphyla. Those that are include:
</p>
<ul><li><a href="Arthropod" title="Arthropod">Arthropoda</a>: divided into subphyla <a href="Trilobitomorpha" class="mw-redirect" title="Trilobitomorpha">Trilobitomorpha</a>, <a href="Chelicerata" title="Chelicerata">Chelicerata</a>, <a href="Myriapoda" title="Myriapoda">Myriapoda</a>, and <a href="Pancrustacea" title="Pancrustacea">Pancrustacea</a></li>
<li><a href="Brachiopoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Brachiopoda">Brachiopoda</a>: divided into subphyla <a href="Linguliformea" title="Linguliformea">Linguliformea</a>, <a href="Craniformea" class="mw-redirect" title="Craniformea">Craniformea</a> and <a href="Rhynchonelliformea" title="Rhynchonelliformea">Rhynchonelliformea</a></li>
<li><a href="Chordata" class="mw-redirect" title="Chordata">Chordata</a>: divided into <a href="Tunicate" title="Tunicate">Tunicata</a>, <a href="Lancelet" title="Lancelet">Cephalochordata</a>, and its largest subphylum <a href="Vertebrata" class="mw-redirect" title="Vertebrata">Vertebrata</a></li></ul>
<p>Examples of <b>infraphyla</b> include the <a href="Mycetozoa" title="Mycetozoa">Mycetozoa</a>, the <a href="Gnathostomata" title="Gnathostomata">Gnathostomata</a> and the <a href="Agnatha" title="Agnatha">Agnatha</a>.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>
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<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHutchinson1973-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHutchinson1973_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHutchinson1973">Hutchinson 1973</a>.</span>
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</style><cite id="CITEREFCavalier-Smith2016" class="citation journal cs1">Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (2016-10-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0932473916300839?via=ihub">"Higher classification and phylogeny of Euglenozoa"</a>. <i>European Journal of Protistology</i>. <b>56</b>: <span class="nowrap">250–</span>276. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ejop.2016.09.003">10.1016/j.ejop.2016.09.003</a></span>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a>&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0932-4739">0932-4739</a>.</cite></span>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2></div>
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<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFHutchinson1973" class="citation book cs1"><a href="John_Hutchinson_(botanist)" title="John Hutchinson (botanist)">Hutchinson, John</a> (1973). <i>The families of flowering plants, arranged according to a new system based on their probable phylogeny. 2 vols</i> (3rd&nbsp;ed.). <a href="Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite></li></ul>
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</style><div id="Taxonomic_ranks19" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Taxonomic_rank" title="Taxonomic rank">Taxonomic ranks</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height: 1.75;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<table role="presentation" style="width: 100%;">

<tbody><tr style="vertical-align: top;">
<td style="width: 11%;">
<ul><li><i><a href="Realm_(virology)" title="Realm (virology)">Realm (<abbr title="virology">vir.</abbr>)</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="Realm_(virology)" title="Realm (virology)">Subrealm (<abbr title="virology">vir.</abbr>)</a></i></li>
<li><a href="Domain_(biology)" title="Domain (biology)"><strong>Domain</strong>/Superkingdom</a></li>
<li><strong><a href="Kingdom_(biology)" title="Kingdom (biology)">Kingdom</a></strong></li>
<li><a href="Kingdom_(biology)" title="Kingdom (biology)">Subkingdom</a></li>
<li><a href="Kingdom_(biology)" title="Kingdom (biology)">Infrakingdom/Branch</a></li></ul>
</td>
<td style="padding-top: 1.75em; width: 11%;">
<ul><li><a href="Phylum" title="Phylum">Superphylum</a>/<i><a href="Division_(taxonomy)" title="Division (taxonomy)">Superdivision (<abbr title="botany">bot.</abbr>)</a></i></li>
<li><strong><a href="Phylum" title="Phylum">Phylum</a></strong>/<strong><i><a href="Division_(taxonomy)" title="Division (taxonomy)">Division (<abbr title="botany">bot.</abbr>)</a></i></strong></li>
<li>/<i><a href="Division_(taxonomy)" title="Division (taxonomy)">Subdivision (<abbr title="botany">bot.</abbr>)</a></i></li>

</ul>
</td>
<td style="padding-top: 1.75em; width: 11%;">
<ul><li><a href="Class_(biology)" title="Class (biology)">Superclass</a></li>
<li><strong><a href="Class_(biology)" title="Class (biology)">Class</a></strong></li>
<li><a href="Class_(biology)" title="Class (biology)">Subclass</a></li>
<li><a href="Class_(biology)" title="Class (biology)">Infraclass</a></li>
<li><a href="Class_(biology)" title="Class (biology)">Subterclass</a></li>
<li><a href="Class_(biology)" title="Class (biology)">Parvclass</a></li></ul>
</td>
<td style="padding-top: 3.5em; width: 11%;">
<ul><li><i><a href="Division_(taxonomy)" title="Division (taxonomy)">Division (<abbr title="zoology">zoo.</abbr>)</a></i></li>
<li><a href="Legion_(taxonomy)" title="Legion (taxonomy)">Legion</a></li>
<li><a href="Cohort_(taxonomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cohort (taxonomy)">Cohort</a></li></ul>
</td>
<td style="width: 11%;">
<ul><li><a href="Order_(biology)" title="Order (biology)">Magnorder</a></li>
<li><a href="Order_(biology)" title="Order (biology)">Superorder</a></li>
<li><strong><a href="Order_(biology)" title="Order (biology)">Order</a></strong></li>
<li><a href="Order_(biology)" title="Order (biology)">Suborder</a></li>
<li><a href="Order_(biology)" title="Order (biology)">Infraorder</a></li>
<li><a href="Order_(biology)" title="Order (biology)">Parvorder</a></li></ul>
</td>
<td style="width: 11%;">
<ul><li><i><a href="Section_(biology)" title="Section (biology)">Section (<abbr title="zoology">zoo.</abbr>)</a></i></li>
<li><a href="Superfamily_(taxonomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Superfamily (taxonomy)">Superfamily</a></li>
<li><strong><a href="Family_(biology)" title="Family (biology)">Family</a></strong></li>
<li><a href="Subfamily" title="Subfamily">Subfamily</a></li>
<li><a href="Family_(biology)" title="Family (biology)">Infrafamily</a></li></ul>
</td>
<td style="padding-top: 1.75em; width: 11%;">
<ul><li><a href="Tribe_(biology)" title="Tribe (biology)">Supertribe</a></li>
<li><strong><a href="Tribe_(biology)" title="Tribe (biology)">Tribe</a></strong></li>
<li><a href="Subtribe" title="Subtribe">Subtribe</a></li>
<li><a href="Tribe_(biology)" title="Tribe (biology)">Infratribe</a></li></ul>
</td>
<td style="padding-top: 3.5em; width: 11%;">
<ul><li><strong><a href="Genus" title="Genus">Genus</a></strong></li>
<li><a href="Subgenus" title="Subgenus">Subgenus</a></li>
<li><i><a href="Section_(botany)" title="Section (botany)">Section (<abbr title="botany">bot.</abbr>)</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="Series_(botany)" title="Series (botany)">Series (<abbr title="botany">bot.</abbr>)</a></i></li></ul>
</td>
<td style="padding-top: 1.75em; width: 11%;">
<ul><li>"<a href="Species_complex" title="Species complex">Species complex</a>"</li>
<li><strong><a href="Species" title="Species">Species</a></strong></li>
<li><a href="Subspecies" title="Subspecies">Subspecies</a></li>
<li><i><a href="Variety_(botany)" title="Variety (botany)">Variety (<abbr title="botany">bot.</abbr>)</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="Form_(botany)" title="Form (botany)">Form (<abbr title="botany">bot.</abbr>)</a></i></li></ul>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
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